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To be, in literal sense incorrectly that a phenomenon of cities-states not Met anywhere out of Europe. But there are no doubts that the European Cities-states were in Europe the main centres of growing trade with XIIICenturies up to complete formation of the centralised monarchy in XVI century, and them
Significance was saved also some time after that. It is not enough certificates of that their political or economic principles Favoured to clearing of trade from political it. With The political point of view in them merchant families, for which dominated
Monopolies and commercial laws were a natural consequence of the political power.
But these trade monopolies were challenged by competitors to whom threatened Exception of trade, and they found support and protection in many cases in Competing cities-states. Unlike China and ancient empires, Europe with the not strong monarchy and cities-states has approached to To the period of opening, without possessing enough strong central power, Which could supervise access of the dealers to the favourable trading To possibilities though at times separate satraps tried to take such trading
Channels under the control. The centres which have arisen, in long run, of the strong power not
Have taken the form of monolithic empire, but have formed a number of the national states,
Which, like former cities-states, have continued rivalry for Trading advantages. The characteristic: pluralistic aspects of feudalism At all defects West European and, possibly, Japanese feudalism Contained, probably, rudiments of the social system, suitable for the stable Economic growth. Occurrence in the Middle Ages of cities and small Class of professional dealers represents one of threads of development,
Feudalism which, perhaps, had even more fundamental significance for Economic development - feeling of pluralism.
In effect, feudalism consisted in parallelism of structures of the military power and
Ground possession. The Earth was considered belonging it which allocated
It of the military leaders; they, in turn, distributed a part of this earth or
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