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Costs at the expense of economy on scale always and everywhere were caused by a survivalThe big enterprises (short of conglomerates), and sometimes they were
The reason of their occurrence. And on the contrary, the big enterprises always played
Essential role in development of technologies though the nature of this influence was
Subject of wide discussions. Some assert that the big enterprises
Work of more enterprising and resourceful men; others assert that
It is literally weight the important inventions have been made by the big laboratories
Huge corporations.
Usually economists try to resolve this question, comparing costs of corporations
Different dimensional categories on researches and workings out (research and development), comparing
Their strategy of hiring of operating personnel and to the politician of acquisition of patents.
Results on a number of the statistical and theoretical reasons usually happen
The dual.
Interbranch statistical comparisons of costs for research and development in big and small
Corporations are unreliable because such costs depend on potential Existing technologies. Potential possibilities of branch technologies
Than when they start to become outdated. In branches where this potential is evaluated
It is low, neither big, nor small corporations will not spend much for research and development.
Therefore results of statistical comparisons can easily appear
Deformed at the expense of a high share of corporations from branches with the high
In technological potential. To eliminate such distortion it is hard. Modern business strategy sharply complicate even intrabranch comparison
Levels of costs for research and development in the big and small corporations. A share of incomes from
The sales, spent by the small specialised manufacturer of cars on
Research and development, can surpass level of costs in the big company simply therefore,
That for service of small group of enthusiasts it can be required Rather it volume of researches and workings out, than at service The mass buyers showing rather average interest to a product. When two The enterprises essentially differ among themselves on the size and on level Costs for research and development, they can differ so hardly the business Strategy and economic functions and to compare them it is simply senseless. Statistical researches reliably testify that the enterprises of all
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