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Eli F. Heckscher, Mercantilism, 2 vols., 2d rev. ed., (London: George Alien ANDUnwin, 1955); Charles H. Wilson, "Trade, Society and the Staple", in The
Cambridge Economic History of Europe, E. E. Rich and C. H. Wilson, eds., vol.
4, The Economy of Expanding Europe in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,
chap. 8.] historically the mercantilism was important for development and trade encouragement
In conditions when traditions and feudalism institutes were still strong.
In strengthening of monarchy of the government were first of all the centres Military power, and the basic economic precondition of existence of these
The centres of military power there was a gold on weapon purchase (more often abroad) and on
The maintenance of armies. Spain received gold from a New World. In other countries
Internal sources of gold belonged to citizens, but time withdrawn and Spent, they ran low. The mercantilist decision consisted that
It is necessary to sell abroad more than to buy there, and a difference to receive
Gold. Admissible import of raw materials for manufacture of the export goods was considered
Delight. Also is better, if it was possible to receive raw materials from colonies, without paying
To foreigners in gold.
For reception of the greatest income of export the mercantilist theory Recommended to use monopolies so that there was no situation, when,
For example, the French dealers compete with each other and as a result force down
The prices for the French products in the overseas markets: Similarly monopolisation
Import prevents danger of that the competition between importers will blow up
The prices for the overseas goods. Granting of such monopolies transformed Monarchs and their most influential court dealers in allies. Thanks to it
Carriers of the political power received a personal share in profit trading and
The making enterprises. Theoretically all it sounds awfully and in practice
Poured out in corruption, but prevalence and force of a policy of mercantilism
Have appeared sufficient to call decline Italian and it cities, Which have lost belonging to them since XII century dominant positions in To trade.
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