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Image sizes: 256x256, 128x128, 48x48, 32x32, 24x24, 20x20, 16x16 File formats: BMP, GIF, PNG, ICO ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Tags: zonda images, images of cute baby, bums images, ogle images, hr image css- a charter. Concerning charters negotiations, at times with application were carried onViolence, and they gave self-management of different level, up to the full Freedom from feudal duties. Such development was possible only in The countries which could not create the strong centralised monarchy. In France, England and Spain cities in struggle between the monarch and its barons Gravitated to camp of rising monarchy, and as a result their political Obligations to the defeated party decreased. But the strengthened monarchy Have shown to cities that to the place of feudal seigneurs has come even more pressing and Impressive force. This power did not release townspeople. In a XVII-th century in England and in XVIII-th century in France townspeople not without success took up the arms against the Monarchs. The subject of fights between cities and their feudal masters varied in Dependences on time and scene of action. Financial interest of cities consisted In control reception over taxes and in circulation feudal requisitions in The fixed payments. They also aspired to the control over the city Trading monopolies (guilds), over conditions of trade with other cities and To freedom to organise fair. Cities aspired to creation of the own Systems of courts. However frequently struggle of cities against feudal masters not It was reduced simply to financial interests. In Germany and in the Netherlands, since XVI centuries, Protestant it has kindled passions and has called Bloody wars between cities and barons, and in Italy on local contentions For the power over cities and areas the tactical unions were imposed with The Spanish, French and Austrian conquerors. In political requirements of cities there are no also signs of conscious intention To finish the rigid political control over trade, so characteristic For a feudal society. Merchants and handicraftsmen wished to supervise Trade and taxes: they did not aspire neither to clearing of the control, nor to To abolition of taxes. Both to medieval cities, and estates it was alien Idea of an economy, free from any control. In England the House of Commons Got out townspeople (women of a vote had no) and small ![]()
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